Show you some words and their usage
一.辨析 divide & separate vt.分开
*divide 强调把一个整体按等量或一定比例分开，常与介词 into 连用.
eg: The children divided the cake into three parts.
孩子们把蛋糕分成三份。
*separate 侧重表示把原来在一起的或靠近的人或物分隔开来，分开后的部分具有相对的独立性，经常与介词连用。
eg: The teacher separated the two boys who were fighting.
老师把两个打架的孩子分开。
练习：
政府没有权利把黑人与白人分隔开。
The government didn't have the right to _separated ___ blacks from____ whites.
你应该学会把好人与坏人分开。
You should learn to __separete___ the sheep _from____ the goats.
这部小说被划分为若干章节。
The novel is _divided____ into_____ many chapters.
二. 辨析 take part in 、join in 、join & attend 参加
*take part in 指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用，有时与join in可互换。
eg: How many countries will take part in the World Cup?
有多少国家要参加世界杯？
*join in 通常指参加某种活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动。
eg: May I join in the game?
我可以参加这个游戏吗？
*join 指加入党派、组织或社会团体，以及参军等，相当于to become a member of, 还可以表示加入到人们中间一起去做某事。
eg: I will never forget the day when I joined the army.
我永远也忘不了参军的那一天。
eg: Will you join us in a walk?
请你和我们一起散步好吗？
*attend是正式用语，一般指参加会议、典礼、婚礼、葬礼以及去听课、听报告、上学等。
eg: How many children attend the school?
有多少孩子在这个学校上学？
eg: He is now attending a wedding ceremony.
他正在参加一个婚礼。
练习：用take part in, join in, join, attend 填空
1、Would you like to _ take part in_____ our discussion?
2、I want to __ join in ___ the football team.
3、When did you __ joined___ the army?
4、Mother _ attend ____ me in sending you our best wishes.
5、They had a quiet wedding-only a few friends _ attend __ it.
6、We'll go fishing tomorrow. Would you like to _ join in __ us?
7、They all __ take part in __ the match held last Sunday.
8、We should _ take part in ___ school activities.
9、He _ joined ____ the Party in 1949.
三、辨析 since. because. as. for 都可以引导原因状语从句，主要区别如下：
*because 表达直接而明确的原因或理由，语气最强，能回答why引导的问句，一般放在主句之后。
eg: Some stars look small only because they are much farther away from us.
一些星星看起来很小，是因为它们离我们很远。
*since 语气比 because 弱，表示的原因是双方共知的，所说明的原因有时不是根本的或直接的，一般可译为“既然/鉴于”，所引导从句通常在主句之前，基本等同与 now that.
eg: Since everyone is here, let's begin our discussion.
既然大家都到齐了，就开始讨论吧。
eg: Since it is raining, let's get down to something else.
既然天在下雨，咱们干点别的事吧。
*as语气比because和since轻，只说明一般的因果关系，所引导的从句可前可后。
eg: You don't have to go with me, as you have a lot of work to do.
你有很多工作要做，就不必跟我去了。
*for语气最弱，表示说明或推断的理由，所引导从句只能放在主句后面。
eg: The day broke, for the birds were singing.
天亮了，因为小鸟在唱歌。
eg: It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨晚一定下过雨，地面湿漉漉的。
练习：
1、Since____ you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight.
For Since When While
2、There is no doult that he is a good professor, _so____ he is doing fine.
but so for yet
3、--Why was the price of bread so high that year?
--_Because_____ the war broke out.
As Since For Because
4、The little boy was punished __ because ___ what he had done.
because of because as since
5、You needn't go with me, __ as ___ you are busy.
since as when while
6、Mary must have stayed up last night, _ since ____ she looks so tired and sleepy.
for as though since
四、辨析 a bit & a little
1、修饰形容词或副词 ，译成“有点。。。”
*在肯定句中，基本没有区别，可以互换
eg: I feel a bit/ a little hungry. 我感到有点饿。
*在否定句中 not a bit = not at all 一点也不
not a little= very much 很，非常
eg: She is not a bit tired while I am not a little tired.
她一点也不累，而我却很累。
2、修饰名词时，只能修饰不可数名词，译成“一点。。。”,
a bit + of + n= a little +n
eg: I want to drink a bit of water.
= I want to drink a little water.
我想喝点儿水。
练习：
1、She was _B___ hungry and she wanted to buy something to eat at once.
A. not a bit B. l ittle C. not a little D. bit
2、This book is _D___ more difficult than that one.
A. a bit B. a little C. few D. A and B
3、He didn't feel well this morning, and he only drank __A__ milk.
A. a little B. a little of C. a bit D. a few
五、辨析 take , bring, fetch & carry
它们主要的区别是动作的方向不同， take 指把人或物从说话人所在的地方带到别的地方去； bring 指把人或物从别处带到说话人所在的地方来；fetch 指从说话人所在的地方到别处去把人或物带（取）回来； carry 不表示动作的方向，常见的意思有“运送，携带，手提，抱，背”等。
eg: Don't forget to take your umbrella when you leave.
你走的时候别忘了带伞。
She brought her boyfriend to our party.
她带着男朋友来参加我们的聚会。
Who can fetch me some chalk?
谁能去给我拿些粉笔来？
She carried her own baby in her arms.
她怀里抱着自己的孩子。
练习：用 take. bring. fetch. carry 的适当形式填空
1、Who is _carried____ the heaviest box?
2、_ fetching____ your younger sister next time.
3、Her cries _bring____ the neighbours.
4、I'm thirsty. Please _take____ me some water.
5、Little Jim should love to be _fetched____ to the theatre this evening.
6、Who would like to _fetch____ a doctor for me?
7、Who _bring____ my book away? I can't find it.
8、The car had _catched____ him 500 miles before it broke down.
9、Police in many countries __fetch___ guns.
10、The secretary _bring____ him into the room. |
